在長毛兔的飼養(yǎng)實踐中，常采用拔毛和剪毛兩種方法進行采毛。一、拔毛采法的優(yōu)點

　　In the practice of raising long haired rabbits, two methods are often used for hair collection: plucking and shearing. 1、 The advantages of plucking hair collection method

　　1、經(jīng)濟收入高通過比較，拔毛比剪毛好，經(jīng)濟效益高。同一個采毛期，采取拔長留短，分期采拔比一次性剪毛能提高30%的收入。采取拔毛的好處

　　1. By comparison, plucking hair is better than shearing hair and has higher economic benefits. During the same harvesting period, adopting a method of pulling out the long while keeping the short and harvesting in stages can increase income by 30% compared to one-time shearing. The benefits of plucking hair

　　2、兔毛平均價高由于拔毛便于分級存放，分級銷售，提高兔毛的平均。

　　2. The average price of rabbit hair is high due to the ease of storing and selling hair in different grades, which increases the average price of rabbit hair.

　　3、有利于提高兔毛的質(zhì)量

　　3. Beneficial for improving the quality of rabbit hair

　　每隔30~40天拔一次長毛可防止兔毛脫落和纏結(jié)。采取拔毛能使5~6厘米的特級毛達90% 以上，除了頭部和腳部可全部采成特級毛，拔長留短還為下次采毛提供了毛源。

　　Pulling out long fur every 30-40 days can prevent rabbit hair from shedding and tangling. Pulling hair can make over 90% of the 5-6cm special grade hair, except for the head and feet, which can all be harvested as special grade hair. Pulling out the long and leaving the short also provides a hair source for the next hair collection.

　　4、有利于兔身的健康和兔毛的生長實踐證明。每一次拔毛之后，兔的食欲就有明顯的增加。每當(dāng)兔的食欲減退時，將兔體的長毛拔除一些，食欲便能馬上恢復(fù)，這種恢復(fù)家兔食欲的方法為“拔毛療法”，效果很好。再者冬季拔毛有利于防寒保暖，能防止家兔因剪毛發(fā)生感冒和肺炎，夏季拔毛不但能使兔體空氣流暢，防止結(jié)氈，還能有效地防止蚊子的叮咬。

　　4. Practice has proven that it is beneficial for the health of rabbits and the growth of rabbit hair. After each plucking, the rabbit's appetite increases significantly. Whenever a rabbit's appetite decreases, pulling out some of its long hair can immediately restore its appetite. This method of restoring a rabbit's appetite is called "hair pulling therapy", which is very effective. Furthermore, plucking fur in winter is beneficial for keeping warm and preventing rabbits from catching colds and pneumonia due to shearing. Pulling fur in summer not only allows for smooth air flow and prevents felting, but also effectively prevents mosquito bites.

　　二、拔毛方法及注意事項

　　2、 Methods and precautions for plucking hair

　　1、拔毛方法將兔子放到桌子上或拔毛臺上，用梳子將毛梳理順。用拇指、食指和中指捏養(yǎng)住兔毛，自臀部開始，順著兔毛的方向，一小撮一小撮地拔，不要成把成把地硬拔，以免傷及皮膚。拔過臀部之后，再拔脊背和體兩側(cè)的毛，拔頭部和腳部的毛。拔下的兔毛，要順著毛茬的方向擺放整齊。

　　1. The plucking method involves placing the rabbit on a table or plucking table and using a comb to straighten out the fur. Pinch the rabbit hair with your thumb, index finger, and middle finger, starting from the buttocks and following the direction of the rabbit hair, pull out a small amount of it, not forcefully pulling it out to avoid damaging the skin. After pulling out the buttocks, then pull out the hair on the back and sides of the body, and finally pull out the hair on the head and feet. The pulled rabbit hair should be neatly arranged in the direction of the stubble.

　　2、拔毛注意事項（1）拔臀部毛要輕在拔毛時，兔的臀部皮膚較薄，很容易拔破。拔臀部毛時，要少要輕。幼兔次拔毛時，因為有疼感會叫會跳，操作時不能性急，一定要耐心，不可粗暴。由于皮薄而嫩，要防止幼兔拔毛出血。

　　2. Precautions for hair removal: (1) Gently remove hair from the buttocks. When removing hair, the skin on the buttocks of rabbits is relatively thin and easily torn. When pulling out the hair on the buttocks, it should be done lightly. When young rabbits pluck their fur for the first time, they may bark and jump due to pain. When operating, they should not be impatient, but must be patient and not rough. Due to its thin and tender skin, it is necessary to prevent young rabbits from shedding their fur and bleeding.

　　（2）孕兔推遲拔毛時間

　　(2) Pregnant rabbits delay hair removal time

　　懷孕20天之后的母兔，特別是懷孕25天后將要分娩的母兔暫不要拔毛，以免引起流產(chǎn)。可在產(chǎn)后10天拔毛，并注意不要拔腹部的毛，以免傷害乳頭，引起葡萄球菌感染。

　　Pregnant rabbits after 20 days, especially those who are about to give birth after 25 days, should not pluck their fur temporarily to avoid miscarriage. Hair can be plucked 10 days after delivery, and care should be taken not to pluck the hair on the abdomen to avoid damaging the nipple and causing staphylococcal infection.

　　（3）拔毛時機初生幼兔一般兩個半月拔次毛，以后視兔毛的長度，每隔30~40天即兔毛長到5~6厘米就可以拔。

　　(3) The timing for plucking hair is usually two and a half months for newborn rabbits. After that, depending on the length of the rabbit hair, it can be plucked every 30-40 days when the rabbit hair grows to 5-6 centimeters.

　?。?）夏冬拔毛慎重夏季兔子害怕熱，可在早晨涼快時，或在陰雨涼爽時拔毛。冬季應(yīng)在天氣暖和時拔。拔毛后應(yīng)飲用溫水，多喂高能量的飼料，防止冷風(fēng)偷襲，并注意防寒保暖。三、剪毛方法

　　(4) Summer and winter hair plucking should be cautious. In summer, rabbits are afraid of heat and can pluck their fur in the morning when it is cool or when it is cloudy and rainy. In winter, it should be pulled out when the weather is warm. After plucking hair, it is recommended to drink warm water, feed more high-energy feed, prevent cold wind attacks, and pay attention to keeping warm. 3、 Trimming method

　　用剪毛法采毛比拔毛法省事，飼養(yǎng)長毛兔較多時，一般都采用剪毛法。一般一只兔一年剪4次毛，即每3個月剪一次毛，這樣兔毛的比例較高。如果一年剪5次毛，雖然總產(chǎn)毛量增加，但毛短、等級降低，一級毛減少，總售價降低，不合算，所以一年剪4次毛為宜。

　　Using the shearing method to collect fur is more convenient than the plucking method. When raising a large number of long haired rabbits, the shearing method is generally used. Generally, a rabbit cuts its fur four times a year, that is, every three months, resulting in a higher proportion of high-quality rabbit fur. If you cut the wool 5 times a year, although the total wool production increases, the wool is shorter, the grade decreases, the first grade wool decreases, and the total selling price decreases, which is not cost-effective. Therefore, it is advisable to cut the wool 4 times a year.

　　1、剪毛方法剪毛時，將兔子放到桌子或剪毛臺上，用梳子將毛梳理順，然后從脊背中間向兩邊分開，使中間呈一條直線，然后用剪刀自中線開始剪，一行一行地剪，依次順序是脊背、體兩側(cè)、臀部、頸部、頜下、腹部、四肢和頭部。剪下的毛要按等級長短順茬放裝，不可混雜，方向保持一致。剪下的毛如不能及時出售，可放一些樟腦丸(粉)，以防蟲蛀。

　　1. When using the shearing method, place the rabbit on a table or a shearing table, use a comb to comb the hair, then separate it from the middle of the back to both sides, making a straight line in the middle. Then use scissors to start cutting from the center line, line by line, in the order of the back, sides of the body, buttocks, neck, jaw, abdomen, limbs, and head. The cut hair should be arranged in order of grade, length, and stubble, and should not be mixed. It is best to keep the direction consistent. If the cut hair cannot be sold in a timely manner, some camphor balls (powder) can be added to prevent insect infestation.

　　2、剪毛注意事項

　　2. Notes on shearing

　　(1)不可用手將兔毛提起使皮膚凸出體面。因兔的皮膚很松軟，如果提起很容易將皮膚剪破。(2)剪毛時要將皮膚繃緊，貼著皮膚剪，不剪二刀毛，留下的毛茬力求整齊。(3)遇有結(jié)氈兔毛時，要先將氈塊垂直剪開成條，然后再從基部沿皮膚剪下。(4)剪腹部毛時，要先撥出乳頭一圈的毛再剪，使乳頭明顯露出，以防剪破乳頭。剪公兔毛時，大腿內(nèi)側(cè)注意不要傷及器官。剪妊娠兔毛時，注意腹部的毛不要剪，供其產(chǎn)仔拉毛營巢用。母兔分娩前5天不要剪毛。(5)如不小心剪破了皮膚，要及時涂抹碘酊和粉，以防感染。(6)冬季不要一次將毛剪完，以防受寒感冒。剪毛后要防冷風(fēng)吹襲，并注意保暖。(7)剪毛后要及時補充足夠的營養(yǎng)和飲水。

　　(1) Do not lift rabbit fur by hand to make the skin protrude from the surface. Because the skin of rabbits is very soft, it is easy to cut the skin if lifted. (2) When cutting hair, tighten the skin tightly and cut it against the skin without cutting twice, leaving the stubble as neat as possible. (3) When encountering tangled rabbit hair, the felt block should be cut vertically into strips first, and then cut along the skin from the base. (4) When cutting abdominal hair, first pull out a circle of hair from the nipple before cutting, so that the nipple is clearly exposed to prevent it from being cut. When cutting the hair of a male rabbit, be careful not to harm the organs on the inner thigh. When cutting the fur of pregnant rabbits, be careful not to cut the fur on the abdomen, as it can be used for laying and nesting. Do not cut the fur of female rabbits 5 days before delivery. (5) If you accidentally cut your skin, you should apply iodine tincture and anti-inflammatory powder in a timely manner to prevent infection. (6) Don't cut your hair all at once in winter to prevent catching a cold. After shearing, be careful to prevent cold winds from blowing and keep warm. (7) After shearing, it is necessary to promptly supplement sufficient nutrition and water.