長毛兔的身體年齡與特征

　　The body age and characteristics of long haired rabbits

　　兔兔的一歲等于人的幾歲呢？其實人與兔兔年齡的對照并沒有這么準確。就如人一樣，有人80歲仍健壯如牛，但有人70歲已經油盡燈枯。隨著飼養觀念與醫學的進步，這幾年寵物兔平均年齡都在不斷的提高，且不同體型的兔兔壽命也會有所差別。因此年齡對照表我們分中小型兔（1-2kg）及中大型兔（3kg以上），并加上健康狀況分析作為參考。

　　How many years does a rabbit's age equal to a human's age? In fact, the age comparison between humans and rabbits is not so accurate. Just like humans, some people are still as strong as cows at the age of 80, but some people are already exhausted at the age of 70. With the advancement of breeding concepts and medicine, the average age of pet rabbits has been continuously increasing in recent years, and the lifespan of rabbits of different body types may also vary. Therefore, we divided the age comparison table into small and medium-sized rabbits (1-2kg) and large and medium-sized rabbits (above 3kg), and added health status analysis as a reference.

　　寵物兔平均壽命根據歐美及臺灣等地區的統計，寵物兔從1950年開始到現在的平均壽命在不斷增長，具體如下：1950~1990年代3—5年

　　According to statistics from Europe, America, Taiwan, and other regions, the average lifespan of pet rabbits has been continuously increasing since 1950. Specifically, from 1950 to the 1990s, it has been 3-5 years

　　1990~2000年代 4—6年

　　From 1990 to 2000, 4-6 years

　　2000~2005年代 6—8年

　　From 2000 to 2005, from June to August

　　2005~2010年代 8—10年

　　2005~2010s 8-10 years

　　2010~2020年代 12—15年

　　2010s to 2020s, 12-15 years

　　2020年后，可能到20年？值得期待~~

　　After 2020, maybe 20 years? Worth looking forward to~~

　　內地將長毛兔作為寵物時間比較短，長毛兔醫學從2017年后開始日益發達，現在10歲以上的兔兔已不少見。

　　Long haired rabbits have been kept as pets in mainland China for a relatively short period of time. Long haired rabbit medicine has been increasingly developed since 2017, and now rabbits over 10 years old are not uncommon.

　　人兔年齡對照表根據臨床統計，長毛兔平均壽命7~12年，長毛兔體型越大壽命越短。據統計1.5kg左右的長毛兔，如果沒有基礎疾病，健康飼養及定期體檢，壽命平均都可以活到10歲以上。

　　According to clinical statistics, the average lifespan of long haired rabbits is 7-12 years, with larger rabbits having shorter lifespans. According to statistics, a long haired rabbit weighing around 1.5kg can live an average of 10 years or more without underlying diseases, healthy feeding, and regular check ups.

　　長毛兔與人類年齡對照，沒有一個固定的公式互換，而是按照他們平均壽命與人類平均年齡去換算。所以，隨著長毛兔平均壽命越來越大，對應的參考年齡也會有變化。

　　There is no fixed formula for age comparison between long haired rabbits and humans, but rather they are converted based on their average lifespan and the average age of humans. So, as the average lifespan of long haired rabbits increases, the corresponding reference age will also change.

　　那么壽命長的長毛兔有18歲，相當于人類的多少歲呢？

　　So the longest lived long haired rabbit is 18 years old, which is equivalent to how many years of human life?

　　每個階段的特征

　　Characteristics of each stage

　　0-1歲 成長期這是長毛兔身體成長的重要時期，從第三個月左右開始，長毛兔的身體與心靈都會產生非常大的變化特征，開始有占據地盤的意識，與出現保護家園、發情的行為，性格上變得躁動，這時長毛兔會開始啃咬東西，四處嗅聞各種東西，有時也會出現一些行為上的問題。這時候必須以堅定的態度來飼育他。因為雌雄性別的不同，發情期的行為也會有個別差異。

　　The growth period from 0 to 1 year old is an important period for the physical growth of long haired rabbits. Starting from around the third month, the body and mind of long haired rabbits will undergo significant changes. They will begin to have a sense of occupying territory and exhibit behaviors such as protecting their homes and being in heat. Their personality will become restless. At this time, long haired rabbits will start to bite things, smell various things around, and sometimes have behavioral problems. At this point, he must be raised with a firm attitude. Due to gender differences, there may be individual variations in behavior during the estrus period.

　　1-4歲 青壯年

　　Young adults aged 1-4

　　過了成長期之后，身體與精神都達到活潑好動的階段，雖然因為品種與性別會有個別差異，但總的來說，能夠過著非常穩定的生活，這也是他們有好奇心，喜歡四處玩耍，食欲也特別旺盛的時期。

　　After the growth period, both the body and mind reach the most lively and active stage. Although there may be individual differences due to species and gender, overall, they can live a very stable life. This is also the period when they are most curious, enjoy playing around, and have a particularly strong appetite.

　　4-6歲 中年兔兔兔的行動力與精神上仍是充實的年齡階段。隨著運動量減少，身體代謝能力也開始衰退，步入老年，這時飼主要仔細觀察長毛兔的身體變化，每日做好健康管理，一年定期做2次健康體檢較理想。

　　The middle-aged rabbits aged 4-6 still have a fulfilling age stage in terms of mobility and spirit. As the amount of exercise decreases, the body's metabolic capacity also begins to decline. As one enters old age, the main caregiver should carefully observe the changes in the body of the long haired rabbit, manage its health daily, and undergo two regular health check ups a year, which is ideal.

　　6-7歲 老年兔6歲以上的長毛兔已可算是老年兔，偶爾行動上開始出現鈍鈍的行為，或是走走停停現象，健康檢查的頻率應提高。雖然說是老年兔，但多數保養得宜的兔兔，此時依然可健康跑跳與玩耍，不受影響。飼主要注意保養兔兔。

　　Elderly rabbits aged 6-7 years old. Long haired rabbits over 6 years old can be considered elderly rabbits, and occasionally exhibit dull behavior or stop and go behavior. The frequency of health checks should be increased. Although they are elderly rabbits, most rabbits that are well maintained can still run, jump, and play healthily without being affected. Pay attention to the maintenance of rabbits during feeding.

　　8歲 老年兔明顯老態已出現，活力下降，但飼主可感受兔兔與自己的互動更頻繁甚主動撒嬌。大多數兔兔已經出現健康警訊或一些病征，且大多無法根治。少部分長毛兔此時依然可健康的跑跳。這時期飼主應為兔兔打造悠閑舒適的養老環境，為了讓他們更長壽，必須確實做好每天的健康管理，到了年邁期活動量銳減，身體容易囤積脂肪。地板的材質也應重新改善，注意如何不增加他們的腰部及腳部關節的負擔。

　　At the age of 8, the elderly rabbit has clearly shown signs of aging and decreased vitality, but the owner can feel that the interaction between the rabbit and themselves is more frequent and even actively acting spoiled. Most rabbits have already shown health warnings or symptoms, and most of them cannot be cured. A small number of long haired rabbits can still run and jump healthily at this time. During this period, pet owners should create a leisurely and comfortable retirement environment for rabbits. In order to make them live longer, it is necessary to do a good job of daily health management. In old age, the amount of activity decreases sharply, and the body is prone to accumulating fat. The material of the floor should also be improved, paying attention to how not to increase the burden on their waist and foot joints.

　　9歲 老年兔若沒有發生過重大疾病而健康的到達這個年齡，表示被照顧得很好，就像許多健康的老人家還可以四處旅游。此時飼主應注意兔兔的保養與照顧，并檢視生活環境防止意外。若是帶病進入此年齡者，則以安寧照顧減緩痛楚為主，讓兔兔在飼主的陪伴下度過開心的一生。

　　If a 9-year-old rabbit has not experienced any major illnesses and has reached this age in good health, it indicates that it has been well taken care of, just like many healthy elderly people can still travel around. At this time, the owner should pay attention to the maintenance and care of the rabbit, and inspect the living environment to prevent accidents. If a person enters this age with illness, the focus should be on providing peaceful care to alleviate pain, allowing the rabbit to spend a happy life with the companionship of its owner.

　　10歲 長者對兔兔來說10歲算是個臨界點，已經開始逼近兔兔生理構造上的年齡界線。這時的兔兔就跟很多80多歲的老年人一樣出現兩種極端，要么很健康，要么很不健康。

　　For rabbits, the age of 10 is considered a critical point, approaching the physiological age limit of rabbits. At this point, rabbits, like many elderly people in their 80s, exhibit two extremes: either very healthy or very unhealthy.

　　10歲+兔瑞過去可以活超過10歲的兔兔不多見，但現代飼養觀念與醫療普及后，兔兔有更長的壽命且更健康。大多數的兔兔若無病痛的度過8-9歲的階段，則活過10-15歲的幾率很大。

　　In the past, it was not common for rabbits aged 10 and above to live beyond 10 years old. However, with modern breeding concepts and the popularization of medical care, rabbits have a longer lifespan and are healthier. Most rabbits have a high chance of surviving until the age of 10-15 if they pass through the 8-9 year old stage without any illness.

　　要讓兔兔健康長壽，要注意的就是兔兔的飲食喲！

　　To ensure the health and longevity of rabbits, the first thing to pay attention to is their diet!

　　兔兔的食物只需要大量的干牧草+少量飼料/蔬菜+干凈的水，人類食物一概避免！

　　Rabbit food only requires a large amount of dry grass, a small amount of feed/vegetables, and clean water. Human food should be avoided!

　　高齡秘訣正確飼養知識推廣

　　The secret to longevity and longevity in old age is to promote correct feeding knowledge

　　幼年兔死亡率逐年降低

　　The mortality rate of young rabbits has been decreasing year by year

　　沒有競爭壓力的飼養環境將長毛兔視為寵物 家中成員

　　A breeding environment without competitive pressure considers long haired rabbits as members of the pet family

　　飼主的關心及早發現身體狀況

　　Owners' concern for early detection of physical condition

　　早期發現疾病早期 增加存活率

　　Early detection and treatment of diseases increase survival rates

　　結扎推廣普及（尤其是母兔）延長壽命

　　Promotion and popularization of sterilization (especially for female rabbits) to extend their lifespan

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